Pathophysiology
Clinical meaning
Laboratory diagnostics provide objective data that complement clinical assessment findings. Blood samples undergo centrifugation to separate cellular components from plasma, enabling analysis of individual analytes such as electrolytes, glucose, and blood cell counts. The complete blood count (CBC) evaluates red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, reflecting oxygen-carrying capacity, immune function, and clotting ability respectively. The basic metabolic panel (BMP) assesses kidney function, electrolyte balance, and glucose metabolism, forming the cornerstone of routine diagnostic evaluation in most clinical settings.